【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforUseofLightinginLaboratoryTesting
【原文标准名称】:实验室试验照明的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME1733-1995(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1995
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.06
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:actionspectrum;artificiallighting;simulatedsolarradiation;spectraldistribution;sunlight;ultravioletradiation;visiblelight;Actionspectrum;Artificiallight;Contamination;Irradiance/irradiation;Laboratoryapparatus;Lightexposure;L
【摘要】:Theinformationinthisguideisdesignedtoallowinvestigatorsconductingresearchortestsofenvironmentalrelevancetoselectappropriatelightsources.Investigatorswillbeabletomakereasonableselectionsoflightsourcesbasedoncost,therequirementsofthetestorganisms,andthepropertiesofthetestchemicals.Thesemethodshavemajorsignificanceforthecomparisonofresultsbetweenlaboratories.Investigatorsatdifferentsiteswillbeabletoselectsimilarlightsources.Thiswillprovidestandardizationofafactorthatcanhavemajorimpactontheeffectsofhazardouschemicals.1.1Theuseofartificiallightingisoftenrequiredtostudytheresponsesoflivingorganismstocontaminantsinacontrolledmanner.Evenifthetestorganismdoesnotrequirelight,theinvestigatorwillgenerallyneedlighttomanipulatethesamples,andthetestmightbeconductedundertheambientlightofthelaboratory.Onewillneedtoconsidernotonlywhethertheparticulartestorganismrequireslightforgrowth,butalsowhethertheenvironmentalcompartmentrelevanttothetestisexposedtolightand,ifso,whattheattributesoflightareinthatcompartment.Thelightcouldaffectgrowthoftheorganismortoxicityofacontaminant,orboth.Forinstance,ithasbeenshownthatthetoxicityofsomeorganicpollutantsisenhanceddramaticallybytheultraviolet(UV)radiationpresentinsunlight(1,2).Furthermore,thelevelofambientlightinginthelaboratory(whichmightaffectthetest)isnotstandardized,norisitcomparabletonaturalenvironments.Itisthusimportanttoconsiderlightinginallformsofenvironmentaltesting.Whenlightisusedinthetest,oneshoulddeterminewhetherthespectraldistributionoftheradiationsourcemimicssunlightadequatelytobeconsideredenvironmentallyrelevant.Also,thecontainerorvesselfortheexperimentmustbetransparent,atthepointoflightentry,toallofthespectralregionsinthelightsourceneededforthetest.1.2Itispossibletosimulatesunlightwithrespecttothevisible:UVratiowithrelativelyinexpensiveequipment.Thisguidecontainsinformationonthetypesofartificiallightsourcesthatarecommonlyusedinthelaboratory,compositionsoflightsourcesthatmimicthebiologicallyrelevantspectralrangeofsunlight,quantificationofirradiancelevelsofthelightsources,determinationofspectraloutputsofthelightsources,transmittancepropertiesofmaterialsusedforlaboratorycontainers,calculationofbiologicallyeffectiveradiation,andconsiderationsthatshouldgointodesigningarelevantlightsourceforagiventest.1.3Specialneedsorcircumstanceswilldictatehowagivenlightsourceisconstructed.Thisisbasedontherequirementsofthetestandtheenvironmentalcompartmenttowhichitistargeted.Usingappropriateconditionsismostimportantforanyexperiment,anditisdesirabletostandardizetheseconditionsamonglaboratories.Inextremecases,testsusingunusuallightingconditionsmightrenderadatasetincomparabletoothertests.1.4Thelightingconditionsdescribedhereinareapplicabletotestswithmostorganismsandusingmostchemicals.Withappropriatemodifications,theselightsourcescanbeusedundermostlaboratoryconditionswithmanytypesoflaboratoryvessels.1.5Theattributesofthelightsourceusedinagivenstudyshouldlistthetypesoflampsused,anyscreeningmaterials,thelightlevelasanenergyfluencerate(inWmx2212;2)orphotonfluencerate(inx03BC;molmx2212;2sx2212;1),andthetransmissionprope......
【中国标准分类号】:N04
【国际标准分类号】:91_160_10
【页数】:12P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Organiccoatingsystemsandliningsforprotectionofindustrialapparatusandplantsagainstcorrosioncausedbyaggressivemedia-Liningsonmetalliccomponents
【原文标准名称】:防止工业装置和设备受侵入介质腐蚀的有机涂层系统和衬料.金属构件衬料
【标准号】:BSEN14879-4-2007
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2007-08-31
【实施或试行日期】:2007-08-31
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:验收检验;仪器工程;人造树脂;化学工程;化工技术;化工设备;覆层厚度;覆层;元部件;容器;防腐蚀;定义;设计;检验;内部覆层;材料;金属;有机覆层;性能试验;塑料叠层板;工艺工程;防护覆层;合格试验;质量控制;规范(验收);储罐;表面处理;表面;监督(认可);水箱(容器);测试;厚度
【英文主题词】:Acceptanceinspection;Apparatusengineering;Artificialresins;Chemicalengineering;Chemicaltechnology;Chemicaltechnologyequipment;Coatingthickness;Coatings;Components;Containers;Corrosionprotection;Definition;Definitions;Design;Inspection;Internalcoatings;Materials;Metals;Organiccoatings;Performancetests;Plasticlaminations;Processengineering;Protectivecoatings;Qualificationtests;Qualitycontrol;Specification(approval);Storagetank;Surfacetreatment;Surfaces;Surveillance(approval);Tanks(containers);Testing;Thickness
【摘要】:Thisdocumentdescribestherequirementsforandmethodsoftestingoforganicliningswhichareappliedtometallicprocessengineeringequipmentthatwillcomeincontactwithchemicalsubstances.Therequirementsspecifiedheremaybeusedforthepurposesofqualitycontrol(e.g.asagreedbetweenthecontractpartners1)).Thestandardappliestoliningswhichserveoneormoreofthefollowingpurposes:?toprotectthecomponentfromadverseeffectsofaggressivesubstances;?toprotectwaters(e.g.groundwater)fromharmfulsubstances;?toprotectthechargefrombecomingcontaminatedbycomponentsreleasedfromthesubstratematerial;?toachieveaparticularsurfacequality.Thisstandardappliestovessels,apparatus,pipingpartsandothercomponentsforprocessplantsmadeofmetallicsubstratematerialswhichareincontactwithmediaandareprovidedwithasurfaceprotectionmadeofa)prefabricated,naturalorsyntheticrubberbasedsheeting(subsequentlynamedrubberlining),tobeappliedintheworkshoporonsite;b)prefabricated,phenolformaldehydeorepoxyresinbasedsheeting(subsequentlynamedduroplasticlining),tobeappliedintheworkshoponly;c)prefabricated,thermoplasticproducts(e.g.foils,sheeting,plates,pipes)(subsequentlynamedthermoplasticlining),tobeappliedintheworkshoporonsite.Thestandardspecifiestherequirements,acceptanceinspection,packaging,transport,storageandinstallationoforganicliningsformetallicmaterials.Thetestsdescribedinthisstandardareintendedforverificationofthesuitabilityofsheetingusedforliningsandforacceptanceinspectiontobecarriedoutontheproductsduringorafterapplicationoftheliningoraspartofroutineinspectionstodetermineanychangeseffectedintheliningduringservice.
【中国标准分类号】:A29
【国际标准分类号】:25_220_60
【页数】:44P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语