【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforAbrasionResistanceofTextileFabrics(RotaryPlatform,Double-HeadMethod)
【原文标准名称】:纺织品耐磨性的标准指南(旋转平台、双头法)
【标准号】:ASTMD3884-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D13.60
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:abrasion;rotaryplatform;textilefabric;Abrasionresistance--textilefabrics/fibers;Double-headabrader;Rotaryplatformabrader;Textilefabrics(general)
【摘要】:Themeasurementoftheresistancetoabrasionoftextileandothermaterialsisverycomplex.Theresistancetoabrasionisaffectedbymanyfactors,suchastheinherentmechanicalpropertiesofthefibers;thedimensionsofthefibers;thestructureoftheyarns;theconstructionofthefabrics;andthetype,kind,andamountoffinishingmaterialaddedtothefibers,yarns,orfabric.Theresistancetoabrasionisalsogreatlyaffectedbytheconditionsofthetests,suchasthenatureofabradant,variableactionoftheabradantovertheareaofspecimenabraded,thetensionofthespecimen,thepressurebetweenthespecimenandabradant,andthedimensionalchangesinthespecimens.Abrasiontestsareallsubjecttovariationduetochangesintheabradantduringspecifictests.Theabradantmustaccordinglybediscardedatfrequentintervalsorcheckedperiodicallyagainstastandard.Withdisposableabradants,theabradantisusedonlyonceordiscardedafterlimiteduse.Withpermanentabradantsthatusehardenedmetalorequivalentsurfaces,itisassumedthattheabradantwillnotchangeappreciablyinaspecificseriesoftests.Similarabradantsusedindifferentlaboratorieswillnotchangeatthesamerate,duetodifferencesinusage.Permanentabradantsmayalsochangeduetopickupoffinishingorothermaterialfromtestfabricsandmustaccordinglybecleanedatfrequentintervals.Themeasurementoftherelativeamountofabrasionmayalsobeaffectedbythemethodofevaluationandmaybeinfluencedbythejudgmentoftheoperator.Theresistanceoftextilematerialstoabrasionasmeasuredonatestingmachineinthelaboratoryisgenerallyonlyoneofseveralfactorscontributingtowearperformanceordurabilityasexperiencedintheactualuseofthematerial.Whilex201C;abrasionresistancex201D;(oftenstatedintermsofthenumberofcyclesonaspecifiedmachine,usingaspecifiedtechniquetoproduceaspecifieddegreeoramountofabrasion)andx201C;durabilityx201D;(definedastheabilitytowithstanddeteriorationorwearingoutinuse,includingtheeffectsofabrasion)arefrequentlyrelated,therelationshipvarieswithdifferentenduses,anddifferentfactorsmaybenecessaryinanycalculationofpredicteddurabilityfromspecificabrasiondata.Laboratorytestsmaybereliableasanindicationofrelativeend-useperformanceincaseswherethedifferenceinabrasionresistanceofvariousmaterialsislarge,buttheyshouldnotberelieduponwheredifferencesinlaboratorytestfindingsaresmall.Ingeneral,theyshouldnotberelieduponforpredictionofactualwear-lifeinspecificendusesunlesstherearedatashowingthespecificrelationshipbetweenlaboratoryabrasiontestsandactualwearintheintendedend-use.Thesegeneralobservationsapplytoalltypesoffabrics,includingwoven,nonwoven,andknitapparelfabrics,householdfabrics,industrialfabrics,andfloorcoverings.Itisnotsurprising,therefore,tofindthattherearemanydifferenttypesofabrasiontestingmachines,abradants,testingconditions,testingprocedures,methodsofevaluationofabrasionresistanceandinterpretationofresults.Allthetestproceduresandinstrumentsthathavebeendevelopedforabrasionresistanceoffabricsmayshowahighdegreeofvariabilityinresultsobtainedbydifferentoperatorsandindifferentlaboratories,however,theyrepresenttheproceduresmostwidelyusedintheindustry.Becausethereisadefiniteneedformeasuringtherelativeresistancetoabrasion,thisisoneoftheseveralproceduresthatisusefultohelpminimizetheinherentvariationinresultsthatmayoccur.Beforedefinitepredictionsoffabricusefulnesscanbedrawnfromanabrasiontestasmade..........
【中国标准分类号】:W55
【国际标准分类号】:59_080_30
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Codeofpracticeformaritimestructures.Designoffenderingandmooringsystems
【原文标准名称】:海上建筑实用规程.第4部分:护舷系统和系泊系统的设计
【标准号】:BS6349Pt.4-1985
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1985-03-29
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(BSI)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:海工建筑物;绳索;船坞;港湾;货物运输;布置;系缆柱;系泊设备;顺岸码头;水路运输工程部件;设计;货船;形状;负荷;船舶护舷材
【英文主题词】:maritimestructures;design;cargoships;watertransportengineeringcomponents;shape;loading;docks;dockingandmooringgear;freighttransport;marinefenders;bollards;layout;quays;ropes;harbours
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:P67
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:44P;A4
【正文语种】:英语